Skip to main content

EWS Basics: Message Flagging and Marking Messages Read/Unread

Messages that are stored in Exchange can be flagged in a number of ways to indicate different states to the user or as an effective method to prompt the user to action (or make them remember to do something).

Unread/Read Flags

 The most commonly used Flag in Exchange is the Unread/Read Message flag which is used so when a message arrives in Mailbox a user can track which messages they have read. In EWS this flag is surfaced in the API in the form of a Strongly type property isRead  https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/office/bb408987(v=exchg.150).aspx . (The underlying Store property that back this is PidTagMessageFlags property https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee160304(v=exchg.80).aspx  which is a bitwise flag representing many states of a message).

The other place the Unread Message flag is surfaced is on the Folder object in the guise of the Unread Item count. So in the below example we Bind to Inbox folder and we can look at the Total Number of Items in a Folder and the Total number of those that are unread

$folderid= new-object Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.FolderId([Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.WellKnownFolderName]::Inbox,$MailboxName)     
$Inbox = [Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.Folder]::Bind($service,$folderid) 
Write-Host ("Total Message Count : " + $Inbox.TotalCount)
Write-Host ("Total Unread Message Count : " +$Inbox.UnreadCount)


Marking all Messages in a Folder Read

One of the new features added to EWS in 2013 was an operation that allows you to mark all messages as read in a folder. Also with the other important feature of being able to suppress Read Receipts when you do so. Eg the following is a function that will Mark all the Messages in a Folder as Read and Suppress Read Recipients.

$folderId = FolderIdFromPath -FolderPath $FolderPath -SmtpAddress $MailboxName
if($folderId -ne $null){
 $Folder = [Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.Folder]::Bind($service,$folderId) 
 Write-Host ("Total Message Count : " + $Folder.TotalCount)
 Write-Host ("Total Unread Message Count : " +$Folder.UnreadCount)
 Write-Host ("Marking all messags a unread in folder")
 $Folder.MarkAllItemsAsRead($true)
}

Marking just one message as Read

To mark just the current message your enumerating in a function as Read as you need to do is use the isRead Strongly typed property eg the mark the last message received in a Mailbox read

$folderid= new-object Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.FolderId([Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.WellKnownFolderName]::Inbox,$MailboxName)     
$Inbox = [Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.Folder]::Bind($service,$folderid) 
$ivItemView =  New-Object Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.ItemView(1)
$fiItems = $service.FindItems($Inbox.Id,$ivItemView)
if($fiItems.Items.Count -eq 1)
{
      $fiItems.Items[0].isRead = $true
      $fiItems.Items[0].Update([Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.ConflictResolutionMode]::AutoResolve);     
}     

All these example are in the following GitHub Script https://github.com/gscales/Powershell-Scripts/blob/master/unReadModule.ps1

Flagging a Message for Follow-up

Flagging a Message for follow-up is a common task you might do it to remind you that a message needs some other actions on it after you have read it (eg you need to phone the sender etc). In 2013 some strongly type properties where added to help read and set the follow-up flags. However these don't cover all the possible flag properties (listed here) you might want to set when setting a followup in particular the followup Text (eg the custom option in Outlook). To cater for this you can use a combination of Extended property's and the strongly typed properties. Eg To flag the last message with a follow-up to call the sender in 1 hour you can use the following

$FlagRequest = New-Object Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.ExtendedPropertyDefinition([Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.DefaultExtendedPropertySet]::Common, 0x8530,[Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.MapiPropertyType]::String);  
$PR_FLAG_ICON = New-Object Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.ExtendedPropertyDefinition(0x1095,[Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.MapiPropertyType]::Integer);  
$folderid= new-object Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.FolderId([Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.WellKnownFolderName]::Inbox,$MailboxName)     
$Inbox = [Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.Folder]::Bind($service,$folderid) 
$ivItemView =  New-Object Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.ItemView(1)
$fiItems = $service.FindItems($Inbox.Id,$ivItemView)
if($fiItems.Items.Count -eq 1)
{
       $fiItems.Items[0].Flag.FlagStatus = [Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.ItemFlagStatus]::Flagged;
       $fiItems.Items[0].Flag.DueDate = $DueDate
       $fiItems.Items[0].Flag.StartDate = (Get-Date)
       $fiItems.Items[0].SetExtendedProperty($FlagRequest,$FollowupText)
       $fiItems.Items[0].SetExtendedProperty($PR_FLAG_ICON,$Color)
       $fiItems.Items[0].Update([Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.ConflictResolutionMode]::AutoResolve);     
}     

This example is covered in the following GitHub Script https://github.com/gscales/Powershell-Scripts/blob/master/flaggfollowup.ps1

Sender Flags are a more advanced Outlook feature that allows you to transmit a specific flag to a recipient with the message. There is no support in EWS for setting this type of flag but I have another workaround solution I've published before for this http://gsexdev.blogspot.com.au/2013/12/using-sender-flags-in-ews.html

Popular posts from this blog

The MailboxConcurrency limit and using Batching in the Microsoft Graph API

If your getting an error such as Application is over its MailboxConcurrency limit while using the Microsoft Graph API this post may help you understand why. Background   The Mailbox  concurrency limit when your using the Graph API is 4 as per https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/throttling#outlook-service-limits . This is evaluated for each app ID and mailbox combination so this means you can have different apps running under the same credentials and the poor behavior of one won't cause the other to be throttled. If you compared that to EWS you could have up to 27 concurrent connections but they are shared across all apps on a first come first served basis. Batching Batching in the Graph API is a way of combining multiple requests into a single HTTP request. Batching in the Exchange Mail API's EWS and MAPI has been around for a long time and its common, for email Apps to process large numbers of smaller items for a variety of reasons.  Batching in the Gr...

Exporting and Uploading Mailbox Items using Exchange Web Services using the new ExportItems and UploadItems operations in Exchange 2010 SP1

Two new EWS Operations ExportItems and UploadItems where introduced in Exchange 2010 SP1 that allowed you to do a number of useful things that where previously not possible using Exchange Web Services. Any object that Exchange stores is basically a collection of properties for example a message object is a collection of Message properties, Recipient properties and Attachment properties with a few meta properties that describe the underlying storage thrown in. Normally when using EWS you can access these properties in a number of a ways eg one example is using the strongly type objects such as emailmessage that presents the underlying properties in an intuitive way that's easy to use. Another way is using Extended Properties to access the underlying properties directly. However previously in EWS there was no method to access every property of a message hence there is no way to export or import an item and maintain full fidelity of every property on that item (you could export the...

Sending a Message in Exchange Online via REST from an Arduino MKR1000

This is part 2 of my MKR1000 article, in this previous post  I looked at sending a Message via EWS using Basic Authentication.  In this Post I'll look at using the new Outlook REST API  which requires using OAuth authentication to get an Access Token. The prerequisites for this sketch are the same as in the other post with the addition of the ArduinoJson library  https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson  which is used to parse the Authentication Results to extract the Access Token. Also the SSL certificates for the login.windows.net  and outlook.office365.com need to be uploaded to the devices using the wifi101 Firmware updater. To use Token Authentication you need to register an Application in Azure https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/office365/howto/add-common-consent-manually  with the Mail.Send permission. The application should be a Native Client app that use the Out of Band Callback urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob. You ...
All sample scripts and source code is provided by for illustrative purposes only. All examples are untested in different environments and therefore, I cannot guarantee or imply reliability, serviceability, or function of these programs.

All code contained herein is provided to you "AS IS" without any warranties of any kind. The implied warranties of non-infringement, merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are expressly disclaimed.